Enterprise resource planning systems in Moroccan SMEs: between strategic advantages and operational challenges

Abstract

Over the last few decades, the adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems has become a strategic issue for organisations large and small. ERP systems offer significant benefits, such as data centralisation, process optimisation, improved decision-making and better coordination between different departments. However, their implementation also entails risks, including high initial costs, technical difficulties, resistance to change on the part of employees and often long lead times to achieve a return on investment. While large companies have largely integrated ERP into their management, SMEs face specific challenges. These companies have to adapt to contingent variables such as their strategy, organisational structure, culture and competitive environment. In addition, SMEs are often characterised by strong managerial influence, relying more on intuition and judgement than on formalised management systems. This can slow down the adoption of ERP, despite its potential benefits. This study is based on deductive reasoning, which compares the theoretical framework with the hypotheses formulated. It is based on a sample of 120 SMEs operating in the Casablanca-Settat region, with between 10 and 150 employees. The aim of this article is to explore the benefits and impact of ERP on the management of Moroccan SMEs, highlighting the advantages and risks perceived by managers. The data collected were analysed using SPSS software. The results show that SME managers recognise the benefits of ERP, but are often reluctant to adopt them because of the associated risks. Nevertheless, rigorous management of these risks and adaptation of ERP to the specific needs of SMEs could make it a powerful lever for improving their performance and competitiveness. The aim of this article is to provide relevant information for decision-makers and to open up perspectives for future research on the subject.

Classification JEL : M13-M15.

Paper type: Empirical Research.