Teleworking and Employee Productivity: A Theoretical Analysis and Proposal for a Conceptual Model

Abstract

Telework has gained popularity in recent years, becoming an essential practice in many companies worldwide. This shift has transformed traditional working methods and has sparked growing interest in its impact on employee productivity. This paper explores this issue by focusing on three key variables: organizational autonomy, work-life balance, and professional isolation. Through a conceptual model, this study examines how these factors interact and influence the performance of teleworkers.

The analysis highlights that the autonomy perceived by employees in telework fosters productivity by offering greater flexibility in managing their schedules and work environment. Work-life balance is also crucial, as it enables teleworkers to better manage their responsibilities, contributing to their satisfaction and better performance. However, social isolation remains a major challenge. Working remotely, away from colleagues and managers, can reduce informal interactions and affect collaboration, which undermines engagement and motivation.

This study presents a theoretical model based on a review of existing literature, shedding light on the interrelationships between these variables. It proposes avenues for future empirical research on telework and its impact on employee performance, while emphasizing the importance of proactive management to avoid the negative effects associated with isolation.

In conclusion, while telework is beneficial for productivity, it requires proper management of autonomy and social isolation to maximize its benefits and minimize its risks.

Keywords: Telecommuting, autonomy, work-life balance, productivity, work isolation.

JEL classification: L2, M12, M54, O32.

Paper type: Theoretical Research