The PESTEL model for the strategic management of Football clubs

Abstract

In a context where sports clubs must navigate an ever-changing environment, analyzing external factors becomes essential to defining suitable strategies. This paper examines how Moroccan sports clubs, faced with structural, financial, and organizational challenges, can adapt their strategies in response to a complex and uncertain external environment. Using the PESTEL model, the study analyzes the political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental, and legislative influences shaping their external context. The methodology is based on a critical review of available data and the application of the PESTEL framework to identify opportunities and threats affecting these organizations. The findings highlight the importance of a thorough understanding of external factors to develop effective strategies. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for Moroccan clubs to adopt a proactive and structured approach to ensure their long-term sustainability and competitiveness.

Keywords: Strategic management, economic performance, strategic change, external context, PESTEL analysis

JEL Classification: Z20

Paper type: Empirical research