Exploring Innovation Models: Theoretical Approaches and Their Potential for Economic Development in Morocco

Abstract

This article provides a general exploration of innovation models, focusing on the potential of the TH theory developed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff. By examining the roles of universities, industries, and the state in innovation systems, the study highlights common opportunities and challenges across various contexts, including Morocco. While the focus remains on generalities, the article emphasizes the importance of collaboration among these three actors to stimulate innovation and economic development. The article does not propose a specific theoretical model for fostering innovation but analyzes how the concepts of the Triple Helix can be applied in different contexts. Adopting a critical approach, the study discusses the potential for implementing these innovation models and underscores the need for improved coordination and enhanced support infrastructures to address the identified challenges.

Keywords: Triple Helix, innovation, universities, industries, government.

Classification JEL: O30

Paper type: Theoretical Research